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Rheumatology
and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University of Leeds, 36 Clarendon
Road, Leeds LS2 9NZ
Correspondence to: Dr Seedhom.
Accepted for publication 10 September 1998
OBJECTIVES
(a) To
determine the topographical variations in cartilage thickness over the
entire surfaces of cadaveric lower limb joints, and (b) to examine the
correlations between: cartilage thickness and its site specific
modulus; cartilage thickness and donor age, weight, height, and body
mass index.
METHODSThe cartilage
thickness of 11 sets of cadaveric human joints each comprising an
ankle, knee, and hip was measured using a needle probe technique.
Statistical analysis was used to compare the cartilage thickness of the
different lower limb joints and the differences in cartilage thickness
over the surface of individual joints. It was further examined whether
cartilage had a correlation with its stiffness, and any of the details
of the specimen donors such as age, weight, height, and body mass index.
RESULTSThe mean
cartilage thickness of the knee was significantly greater than that of
the ankle and hip (p<0.001) in all 11 sets of joints, while the
cartilage thickness of the hip was significantly greater than that of
the ankle in 10 sets of joints (p<0.001). The mass of specimen donors
was found to correlate with the mean cartilage thickness of all three
lower limb joints. A correlation was also found between the height of
donors and the mean cartilage thickness of the knee and hip joints,
while only in the ankle joint was a correlation found between the mean
cartilage thickness and the body mass index of the specimen donors. A
further correlation was found between cartilage thickness and its
modulus; the thinner the cartilage, the higher the modulus.
CONCLUSIONSThe
thickness of articular cartilage seems to be related to the congruance
of a joint; thin cartilage is found in congruent joints such as the
ankle, whereas thick cartilage is found in incongruent joints such as
the knee. The correlations in this study imply that the larger and
heavier was a donor the thicker was the cartilage in the lower limb
joints. The data further suggest the presence of an inverse relation
between the mean cartilage thickness and mean compressive modulus in
each of the joints examined.
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